Conspecifics can be aliens too: A review of effects of restocking practices in vertebrates
We review the indexed scientific literature (233 papers) dealing with 'restocking' of vertebrate, i.e. reinforcement of wild population by release of individuals of the same species. We found evidence that restocking may have desired beneficial effects such: increased genetic diversity and mitigation of Allee effects in small populations; increased size or even salvation of threatened populations; increased harvest opportunities; and, redirection of harvest pressure from wild to captive-bred individuals,. However, restocking may also have negative effects like changes in behaviour, morphology, and demography in recipient populations, as well as enhancement of pathogen spread. Negative genetic effect on recipient populations include homogenisation, introduction of non-native genes, and loss of local adaptation.
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