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Prosiding Indonesian Forestry Researchers : Strengthening Forest Science and Technology for Better Forestry Development
ABSTRACT
There are some silvicultural systems that can be used to manage the natural production forests in forest concessionaries. First, the Indonesian Selective Cutting (ISC) silvicultural system had been used from 1972 to 1989, according to the Decree Letter of Director General of Forestry No. 35/1972. This system was mainly focused in the production aspect rather than to regeneration and tending aspects and it was more difficult to be applied by manager who have less experiences in the forest, because it applied 3 diameter limits for cutting, i.e. 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm in each the specific target of forest. Secondly, the Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (ISCP) had been used since year 1989 until now, according to the Ministry of Forestry Regulation No. 485/1989 and its guideline according to Director General of Forestry Utilization (PH) No.564/1989 and its revised edition No.151/1993. The excellence of this system was applying two divisions to manage the forest areas, they were production and forest management divisions. In the revised edition in 1993, it has been added the exact budget for forest management. However there were some weakness for both silvicultural systems (ISC and ISCP), like controlling the aspect concerning enrichment planting result. Third, Selective Cutting and Strips Planting (SCSP) system had been used since 1998 in the limited area and since 2005 it was applied in 25 forest concessionaries. The SCSP system was applied according to the regulation of Director General of Forestry Production Development (BPK) No.226/2005. This system ameliorated the both previous systems, especially the controlling aspect of enrichment planting result. The strips area was for environment manipulation to increase growth and yield of planted trees, that were mainly using commercial native species of Shorea spp. Then, Clear Cutting with Artificial Regeneration (CCAR) system had been used in the low potential forest and shrub. More than one or all systems could be applied in one unit management, this method was called the Multiple Silvicultural System.
Keywords: Selective cutting, clear cutting, gap cutting, enrichment planting
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